1 “Gov. Whitmer Establishes the ‘Growing Michigan Together Council’ to Focus on Population Growth, Building a Brighter Future for Michigan” (Executive Office of the Governor, June 1, 2023), https://perma.cc/V899-XMG9.
2 Alison Felix and Samantha Shampine, “Lower Labor Force Participation Rates and Slower Population Growth Pose Challenges for Employers” (Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City Economic Bulletin, March 30, 2022), https://perma.cc/BH4B-5E3V.
3 Joanna Biernacka-Lievestro and Alexandre Fall, “A Third of States Lost Population in 2021” (Pew Charitable Trusts, April 25, 2022), https://perma.cc/2EMS-H65Z.
4 Ardeshir Anjomani, "Regional growth and interstate migration" (Socio-Economic Planning Sciences 36, no. 4, 2002): 239-265.
5 Edward L. Glaeser, Giacomo A. M. Ponzetto and Kristina Tobio, “Cities, Skills and Regional Change” (Regional Studies 48, no. 1): 7-43, https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2012.674637.
6 “What drives differences in population growth among states?” (USAFacts, Oct. 5, 2023), https://perma.cc/B6BN-M3DJ.
7 Jonathan Vespa, Lauren Medina and David M. Armstrong, “Demographic Turning Points for the United States: Population Projections for 2020 to 2060” (U.S. Census Bureau Current Population Reports, February 2020), https://perma.cc/U3CR-42CP.
8 “Fertility Rates by State” (National Center for Health Statistics, Feb. 10, 2023), https://perma.cc/WST5-3V2X.
9 “Live Births and Crude Birth Rates Michigan and United States Residents Selected Years, 1900 – 2021” (Michigan Department of Health & Human Services, 2023), https://perma.cc/2CSX-FX2G.
10 Delia Furtado and Heinrich Hock, “Immigrant labor, child care services, and the work fertility trade-off in the United States” (Institute for the Study of Labor, IZA Discussion Papers, No. 3506, 2008), https://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2008060504.
11 Jonathan Bradshaw and Shalhevet Attar-Schwartz, “Fertility and Social Policy” in Noriyuki Takayama, and Martin Werding (eds.), Fertility and Public Policy: How to Reverse the Trend of Declining Birth Rates (MIT Press Scholarship Online, Aug. 22, 2013), https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262014519. 003.0008.
12 Claudia Olivetti and Barbara Petrongolo. "The economic consequences of family policies: Lessons from a century of legislation in high-income countries" (Journal of Economic Perspectives 31, no. 1, 2017): 205-230.
13 Otto Lenhart, “The effects of minimum wages on teenage birth rates” (Economics Letters 198, 2021): 109670.
14 Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes and Jean Kimmel, “The motherhood wage gap for women in the United States: The importance of college and fertility delay” (Review of Economics of the Household 3, 2005): 17-48.
15 Reagan Baughman and Stacy Dickert-Conlin, “The earned income tax credit and fertility” (Journal of Population Economics 22, 2009): 537-563.
16 Ann Bartel, Maya Rossin-Slater, Christopher Ruhm, Meredith Slopen and Jane Waldfogel, “The impacts of paid family and medical leave on worker health, family well-being, and employer outcomes” (Annual Review of Public Health 44, 2023): 429-443; Serena Canaan, Anne Lassen, Philip Rosenbaum and Herdis Steingrimsdottir, “Maternity Leave and Paternity Leave: Evidence on the Economic Impact of Legislative Changes in High Income Countries” (Institute for the Study of Labor , IZA Discussion Paper No. 15129), https://ssrn.com/abstract=4114688.
17 Serena Canaan, Anne Lassen, Philip Rosenbaum and Herdis Steingrimsdottir, “Maternity Leave and Paternity Leave: Evidence on the Economic Impact of Legislative Changes in High Income Countries” (Institute for the Study of Labor , IZA Discussion Paper No. 15129), https://ssrn.com/abstract=4114688.
18 Serena Canaan, Anne Lassen, Philip Rosenbaum and Herdis Steingrimsdottir, “Maternity Leave and Paternity Leave: Evidence on the Economic Impact of Legislative Changes in High Income Countries” (Institute for the Study of Labor , IZA Discussion Paper No. 15129), https://ssrn.com/abstract=4114688.
19 Serena Canaan, Anne Lassen, Philip Rosenbaum and Herdis Steingrimsdottir, “Maternity Leave and Paternity Leave: Evidence on the Economic Impact of Legislative Changes in High Income Countries” (Institute for the Study of Labor , IZA Discussion Paper No. 15129), https://ssrn.com/abstract=4114688.
20 “Paid Family Leave – Employers” (California Employment Development Department, 2023),https://perma.cc/8XJE-UALG.
21 Edith Gray, Anna Reimondos, Ester Lazzari, Robert Breunig, R. A. L. F. Steinhauser, Jacquelyn Zhang, Nicholas Biddle and Matthew Gray, “Impacts of policies on fertility rates” (Australian National University, 2021), https://perma.cc/K67S-5SSH.
22 Jonathan Bradshaw and Shalhevet Atar-Schwart, “Fertility and Social Policy” in Noriyuki Takayama, and Martin Werding (eds.), Fertility and Public Policy: How to Reverse the Trend of Declining Birth Rates (MIT Press Scholarship Online, Aug. 22, 2013), https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262014519. 003.0008; Claudia Olivetti and Barbara Petrongolo. “The economic consequences of family policies: Lessons from a century of legislation in high-income countries” (Journal of Economic Perspectives 31, no. 1, 2017): 205-230.
23 Thomas DeLeire, Leonard M. Lopoo and Kosali I. Simon, “Medicaid expansions and fertility in the United States” (Demography 48, no. 2, 2011): 725-747.
24 Leonard J. Schoppa, “The policy response to declining fertility rates in Japan: relying on logic and hope over evidence” (Social Science Japan Journal 23, no. 1, 2020): 3-21.
25 Olivier Thévenon, “Does Fertility Respond to Work and Family-life Reconciliation Policies in France?” in Noriyuki Takayama, and Martin Werding (eds.), Fertility and Public Policy: How to Reverse the Trend of Declining Birth Rates (MIT Press Scholarship Online, Aug. 22, 2013): 219, https://doi.org/10.7551/ mitpress/9780262014519.003.0008.
26 Matthias Doepke, Anne Hannusch, Fabian Kindermann and Michèle Tertilt. “The economics of fertility: A new era” in Shelly Lundberg and Alessandra Voena (eds.), Handbook of the Economics of the Family, vol. 1, no. 1 (North Holland, 2023): 151-254. See also Claudia Goldin, “A grand gender convergence: Its last chapter” (American Economic Review 104, no. 4, 2014): 1091-1119.
27 Bastian B, Tejada Vera B, Arias E, et al., “Mortality trends in the United States, 1900–2018” (National Center for Health Statistics, 2020), https://perma.cc/KQY2-7ADK; Elizabeht Arias, Betzaida Tejada-Vera, Kenneth D. Kochanek and Farida B. Ahmad, “Provisional life expectancy estimates for 2021” (Centers for Disease Control Vital Statistics Rapid Release, August 2022), https://perma.cc/JGV9-8ESB.
28 Steven H. Woolf and Heidi Schoomaker, “Life expectancy and mortality rates in the United States, 1959-2017” (JAMA 322, no. 20. 2019).
29 “Mortality in the United States: Past, present and future” (Penn Wharton Budget Model at the University of Pennsylvania, June 27, 2016), https://perma.cc/5ESF-TXZJ.
30 Number of Deaths and Age-adjusted Mortality Rates for the Ten Leading Causes of Death, Michigan and United States Residents, 2019” (Michigan Department of Health & Human Services, Nov. 14, 2022), https://perma.cc/ZV63-G7LL.
31 Number of Deaths and Age-adjusted Mortality Rates for the Ten Leading Causes of Death, Michigan and United States Residents, 2021” (Michigan Department of Health & Human Services, Nov. 14, 2022), https://perma.cc/ZV63-G7LL.
32 Pamela A. Mayer, Ana Penman-Aguilar, Vincent A. Campbell, Corinne Graffunder, Ann E. O’Connor and Paula W. Yoon, “Conclusion and future directions: CDC health disparities and inequalities report—United States, 2013” (Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 62, no. 3, Nov. 22, 2013), 184, https://perma.cc/MTZ6-HSXA; Goodarz Danaei, Eric L. Ding, Dariush Mozaffarian, Ben Taylor, Jürgen Rehm, Christopher J.L. Murray and Majid Ezzati, “The preventable causes of death in the United States: comparative risk assessment of dietary, lifestyle, and metabolic risk factors” (PloS Medicine 6, no. 4, 2009), https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1000058.
33 Gopal K. Singh, Gem P. Daus, Michelle Allender, Christine T. Ramey, Elijah K. Martin, Chrisp Perry, A. Andrew and Ivy P. Vedamuthu, “Social determinants of health in the United States: addressing major health inequality trends for the nation, 1935-2016” (International Journal of MCH and AIDS 6, no. 2, 2017): 139.
34 “Drug Overdose Mortality by State” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, March 1, 2022), https://perma.cc/9CE5-HYGP.
35 Life Expectancy Increases in 2018 as Overdose Deaths Decline Along with Several Leading Causes of Death” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, Jan. 30, 2020), https://perma.cc/JD6N-CVAL.
36 “State of the State of Michigan” (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, April 11, 2018), https://perma.cc/8LGL-Q3KX.
37 For example, see: Matthew Yglesias, “The opioid crisis is an objectively very difficult problem” (Slowboring.com, Feb. 16, 2022), https://perma.cc/H4GF-X36S.
38 Daniel S. Nagin, “Deterrence in the twenty-first century.” (Crime and Justice 42, no. 1, 2013): 199-263, https://doi.org/10. 1086/670398.
39 Jennifer L. Doleac and Anita Mukherjee. “The effects of naloxone access laws on opioid abuse, mortality, and crime.” (The Journal of Law and Economics 65, no. 2, 2022): 211-238.
40 For example, see: Richard G. Frank, Keith Humphreys and Harold A. Pollack. “Does naloxone availability increase opioid abuse? The case for skepticism.” (Health Affairs Forefront, March 19, 2018), https://perma.cc/M3AZ-PEW7.
41 Marlene C. Lira, Vishnudas Sarda, Timothy C. Heeren, Matthew Miller and Timothy S. Naimi, “Alcohol policies and motor vehicle crash deaths involving blood alcohol concentrations below 0.08%” (American Journal of Preventive Medicine 58, no. 5, 2020): 622-629.
42 Charles M. Farmer, “Relationship of traffic fatality rates to maximum state speed limits” (Traffic Injury Prevention 18, no. 4: 375-380, https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2016.1213821.
43 Jaclyn Butler, “Michigan Demographic Trends” (Michigan Center for Data and Analytics, May 19, 2023), https://perma.cc/ P7N3-ZV66.
44 Jaclyn Butler, “Michigan Demographic Trends” (Michigan Center for Data and Analytics, May 19, 2023), https://perma.cc/ P7N3-ZV66.
45 David Schleicher, “Stuck! The law and economics of residential stagnation” (The Yale Law Journal 127, no. 1, 2017): 78-154, https://perma.cc/UMP3-BVAX.
46 Thomas J. Cooke, Clara H. Mulder and Michael Thomas. “Union dissolution and migration” (Demographic Research 34, 2016): 741-760.
47 Raven Molloy, Christopher L. Smith and Abigail Wozniak, “Job Changing and the Decline in Long-Distance Migration in the United States” (Demography 54, no. 2, April 1, 2017): 631–653, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-017-0551-9.
48 William H. Frey, “Big cities saw historic population losses while suburban growth declined during the pandemic” (Brookings Institution, July 11, 2022), https://perma.cc/E9QC-9FDE.
49 For example, see: Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson and James A. Robinson, “Institutions as a fundamental cause of long-run growth” (Handbook of Economic Growth 1, 2005): 385-472.
50 Dean Stansel, Dean, José Torra, Fred McMahon, and Ángel Carrión-Tavárez. “Economic Freedom of North America 2022” (Fraser Institute, 2022), https://perma.cc/X7QT-XGJ6.
51 Dean Stansel and Michael D. LaFaive, “Economic Freedom in the City: Ranking Michigan’s Labor Markets” (Mackinac Center for Public Policy, Aug. 31, 2022), https://www.mackinac.org/ S2022-07.
52 Nathan J. Ashby, “Economic freedom and migration flows between US states” (Southern Economic Journal 73, no. 3, 2007): 677-697; Thomas A. Garrett and Russel M. Rhine, “Economic Freedom and Employment Growth in U.S. States” (Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Working Paper No. 2010-006A, March 3, 2010), https://perma.cc/3GCR-53LM.
53 Richard J. Cebula, Christopher M. Duquette and G. Jason Jolley, “The impact of labor market freedom on state-level in-migration in the US: A dynamic panel data analysis, 2008-2016” (Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 9, no. 1, 2020): 40-52.
54 Dean Stansel, Dean, José Torra, Fred McMahon, and Ángel Carrión-Tavárez. “Economic Freedom of North America 2022” (Fraser Institute, 2022), https://perma.cc/X7QT-XGJ6; Joey Cappelletti, “Michigan becomes 1st state in decades to repeal ‘right-to-work’ law” (Associated Press, March 24, 2023), https://perma.cc/PM5D-25TR.
55 Heather M. Stephens, Mark D. Partridge and Alessandra Faggian, “Innovation, entrepreneurship and economic growth in lagging regions” (Journal of Regional Science 53, no. 5, 2013): 778-812.
56 Mark D. Partridge and Dan S. Rickman, “A note on the benefits to current residents of state employment growth: Is there an industry mix effect on migration?” (Journal of Regional Science 39, no. 1, 1999): 167-181,https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9787.00128.
57 David B. Audretsch, “Have we oversold the Silicon Valley model of entrepreneurship?” (Small Business Economics 56, 2021: 849-856, https://perma.cc/97DZ-D6AM.
58 Gert-Jan Hospers, Pierre Desrochers and Frederic Sautet, “The next Silicon Valley? On the relationship between geographical clustering and public policy” (International Entrepreneurship Management Journal, 2008), https://perma.cc/8BSD-4GDC.
59 Mark D. Partridge and Dan S. Rickman, “A note on the benefits to current residents of state employment growth: Is there an industry mix effect on migration?” (Journal of Regional Science 39, no. 1, 1999): 167-181, https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9787.00128.
60 Mohammad Arzaghi and Anil Rupasingha, “Migration as a Way to Diversify: Evidence from Rural to Urban Migration in the US” (Journal of Regional Science 53, no. 4, 2013): 690-711.
61 Mohammad Arzaghi and Anil Rupasingha, “Migration as a Way to Diversify: Evidence from Rural to Urban Migration in the US” (Journal of Regional Science 53, no. 4, 2013): 690-711.
62 Paul S. Davies, Michael J. Greenwood and Haizheng Li, “A conditional logit approach to US state‐to‐state migration” (Journal of Regional Science 41, no. 2, 2001): 337-360.
63 Edward L. Glaeser and Kristina Tobio, “The rise of the sunbelt” (Southern Economic Journal 74, no. 3, 2008):609-643.
64 Alison Felix, and Samantha Shampine, “Lower Labor Force Participation Rates and Slower Population Growth Pose Challenges for Employers” (Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City Economic Bulletin, March 30, 2022), https://perma.cc/9HMC-R923.
65 Benjamin A. Austin, Edward L. Glaeser and Lawrence H. Summers. Jobs for the Heartland: Place-based policies in 21st century America. No. w24548. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2018.
66 Michael J. Hicks, Michael LaFaive and Srikant Devaraj "New evidence on the effect of right-to-work laws on productivity and population growth" (Cato Journal 36, 2016): 101.
67 See, for example: Jeffrey Jordan, Aparna Mathur, Abdul Munasib and Devesh Roy, "Did Right-To-Work Laws Impact Income Inequality? Evidence from US States Using the Synthetic Control Method" (The BE Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 21, no. 1, 2020): 45-81; Ozkan Eren and Serkan Ozbeklik, "What do right‐to‐work laws do? Evidence from a synthetic control method analysis" (Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 35, no. 1, 2016): 173-194; Benjamin Austin and Matthew Lilley, "The Long-Run Effects of Right to Work Laws" (Harvard Working Paper, Nov. 16, 2021), https://perma.cc/7GZC-9UNZ.
68 Christos Andreas Makridis, "Do right-to-work laws work? Evidence on individuals’ well-being and economic sentiment" (The Journal of Law and Economics 62, no. 4, 2019): 713-745.
69 Benjamin Austin and Matthew Lilley, "The Long-Run Effects of Right to Work Laws" (Harvard Working Paper, Nov. 16, 2021), https://perma.cc/7GZC-9UNZ.
70 Benjamin Collins, “Right to Work Laws: Legislative Background and Empirical Research” (Congressional Research Service, Jan. 6, 2014), https://perma.cc/62GL-K7JK.
71 Janna E. Johnson and Morris M. Kleiner, "Is occupational licensing a barrier to interstate migration?" (American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 12, no. 3, 2020): 347-373.
72 Thomas J. Cooke, Mark Ellis and Richard Wright, "Occupational licensing and interstate migration in the United States" (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Monthly Labor Review, August 2022), https://perma.cc/YB7X-5K3U.
73 Alexander W. Marré and Anil Rupasingha, “School quality and rural in‐migration: Can better rural schools attract new residents?” (Journal of Regional Science, 60, no .1, 2020): 156-173, https://doi.org/10.1111/jors.12437.
74 Alexander W. Marré and Anil Rupasingha, “School quality and rural in‐migration: Can better rural schools attract new residents?” (Journal of Regional Science, 60, no .1, 2020): 156-173, https://doi.org/10.1111/jors.12437.
75 Gordon F. De Jong, Deborah Roempke Graefe and Tanja St. Pierre, “Welfare Reform and Interstate Migration of Poor Families” (Demography 42, no. 3, 2005): 469–96, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4147358.
76 James Alm and Ali Enami, "Do government subsidies to low-income individuals affect interstate migration? Evidence from the Massachusetts Health Care Reform" (Regional Science and Urban Economics 66, 2017): 119-131; Friederike Seifert, "The Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion and interstate migration in border regions of US States" (Review of Regional Research 42, no. 1, 2022): 49-74.
77 Henrik Kleven, Camille Landais, Mathilde Munoz and Stefanie Stantcheva, "Taxation and migration: Evidence and policy implications" Journal of Economic Perspectives 34, no. 2, 2020): 119-142.
78 Henrik Kleven, Camille Landais, Mathilde Munoz and Stefanie Stantcheva, "Taxation and migration: Evidence and policy implications" Journal of Economic Perspectives 34, no. 2, 2020): 119-142.
79 Edward L. Glaeser and Albert Saiz, “The Rise of the Skilled City” (NBER Working Paper No. 10191, December 2003), https://perma.cc/2YXG-CDX8.
80 See, for example: Richard J. Cebula and Gigi M. Alexander, "Determinants of net interstate migration, 2000-2004" (Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy 36, no. 2, 2006), https://perma.cc/733C-6YJG.
81 Edward Glaeser and Joseph Gyourko, "The economic implications of housing supply" (Journal of Economic Perspectives 32, no. 1, 2018): 3-30. See also: David Schleicher, "Stuck! The law and economics of residential stagnation" (The Yale Law Journal, 2017): 78-154; Wukuang Cun and M. Hashem Pesaran, “Land Use Regulations, Migration and Rising House Price Dispersion in the U.S. (CESifo Working Paper, No. 7007, July 9, 2008), https://perma.cc/HEJ4-UKF8.
82 Jason Sorens, "Public policy and quality of life: An empirical analysis of interstate migration, 2000-2012" (SSRN, May 22, 2013), https://perma.cc/T8UN-SHNU.
83 Edward L. Glaeser and Joshua D. Gottlieb, "The Economics of Place-Making Policies" (Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Spring 2008), https://perma.cc/UP3A-VHFK.
84 Rebecca Diamond, "The determinants and welfare implications of US workers' diverging location choices by skill: 1980–2000” (American Economic Review 106, no. 3, 2016): 479-524.
85 Edward L. Glaeser and Joshua D. Gottlieb, "The Economics of Place-Making Policies" (Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Spring 2008), https://perma.cc/UP3A-VHFK.
86 Edward L. Glaeser and Joshua D. Gottlieb, "The Economics of Place-Making Policies" (Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Spring 2008), https://perma.cc/UP3A-VHFK.
87 Edward L. Glaeser and Joshua D. Gottlieb, "The Economics of Place-Making Policies" (Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Spring 2008), https://perma.cc/UP3A-VHFK.
88 Patrick Kline and Enrico Moretti, "People, places, and public policy: Some simple welfare economics of local economic development programs" (Annual Review of Economics 6, no. 1, 2014): 629-662.
89 David Neumark and Helen Simpson, "Place-based policies" in Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, vol. 5, 2015: 1197-1287.
90 Patrick Kline and Enrico Moretti, "People, places, and public policy: Some simple welfare economics of local economic development programs" (Annual Review of Economics 6, no. 1, 2014): 629-662.
91 Janet Kelly, Matt Ruther, Sarah Ehresman and Bridget Nickerson, "Placemaking as an economic development strategy for small and midsized cities" (Urban Affairs Review 53, no. 3, 2017): 435-462.
92 Evan Cleave, Godwin Arku, Richard Sadler and Jason Gilliland, "The role of place branding in local and regional economic development: Bridging the gap between policy and practicality" (Regional Studies, Regional Science 3, no. 1, 2016): 207-228.
93 Sebastien Darchen and Diane-Gabrielle Tremblay, "What attracts and retains knowledge workers/students: The quality of place or career opportunities? The cases of Montreal and Ottawa" (Cities 27, no. 4, 2010): 225-233.
94 Edward L. Glaeser and Kristina Tobio, "The rise of the sunbelt" (Southern Economic Journal 74, no. 3, 2008:609-643.
95 Jordan Rappaport, "Moving to nice weather" (Regional Science and Urban Economics 37, no. 3, 2007): 375-398.
96 Mark D. Partridge, "The duelling models: NEG vs amenity migration in explaining US engines of growth" (Papers in Regional Science 89, no. 3, 2010: 513-536.
97 Dan S. Rickman and Hongbo Wang, "US regional population growth 2000–2010: Natural amenities or urban agglomeration?" (Papers in Regional Science 96, no. 1, March 2017): S69-S90, https://doi.org/10.1111/pirs.12177.
98 Lori M. Hunter, Jason D. Boardman and Jarron M. Saint Onge, "The Association Between Natural Amenities, Rural Population Growth, and Long‐Term Residents' Economic Well‐Being" (Rural Sociology 70, no. 4, 2005): 452-469; Dan S. Rickman and Shane D. Rickman, "Population Growth in High‐Amenity Nonmetropolitan Areas: What's the Prognosis?" (Journal of Regional Science 51, no. 5, 2011): 863-879.
99 Paul D. Gottlieb and George Joseph, "College‐to‐work migration of technology graduates and holders of doctorates within the United States" (Journal of Regional Science 46, no. 4, 2006): 627-659.
100 Yongsung Lee, Bumsoo Lee and Md Tanvir Hossain Shubho, "Urban revival by Millennials? Intraurban net migration patterns of young adults, 1980–2010" (Journal of Regional Science 59, no. 3, 2019): 538-566.
101 Edward L. Glaeser and Albert Saiz, “The Rise of the Skilled City” (NBER Working Paper No. 10191, December 2003), https://perma.cc/2YXG-CDX8.
102 Edward L. Glaeser and Albert Saiz, “The Rise of the Skilled City” (NBER Working Paper No. 10191, December 2003), https://perma.cc/2YXG-CDX8.
103 Richard J. Cebula and Gigi M. Alexander, "Determinants of net interstate migration, 2000-2004" (Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy 36, no. 2, 2006), https://perma.cc/733C-6YJG.
104 Mohammad Arzaghi and Anil Rupasingha, "Migration as a Way to Diversify: Evidence from Rural to Urban Migration in the US" (Journal of Regional Science 53, no. 4, 2013): 690-711.
105 Edward L. Glaeser and Giacomo A.M. Ponzett, “Did the death of distance hurt Detroit and help New York?” (National Bureau of Economic Research, No. w13710, 2007), https://perma.cc/2MKL-SQL8.
106 Edward L. Glaeser, Giacomo A. M. Ponzetto and Kristina Tobio (2014) Cities, Skills and Regional Change, Regional Studies, 48:1, 7-43, DOI: 10.1080/00343404.2012.674637.
107 Jessie Poon and Wei Yin, "Human capital: A comparison of rustbelt and sunbelt cities" (Geography Compass 8, no. 5, 2014): 287-299.
108 L. Yao, J.B. Bolen and C.R. Williamson, “The effect of mass legalization on US state-level institutions: Evidence from the immigration reform and control act” Public Choice 189, 2021): 427–463, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-021-00894-x.