1 Richard Florida, “Handing Out Tax Breaks to Businesses Is Worse Than Useless” (Citylab.com, March 7, 2017), https://perma.cc/JJA2-W7ZS.
2 Alan Peters and Peter Fisher, “The Failures of Economic Development Incentives,” Journal of the American Planning Association 70, no. 1 (2004): 27–37, https://perma.cc/9595-H8PL.
3 Willis F. Dunbar and George S. May, Michigan: A History of the Wolverine State, Third Edition (Grand Rapids, Mich.: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1995), 225–26.
4 Id. at 228.
5 Id. at 235-36.
6 Id. at 236.
7 Mich Const 1835, art. 12, § 3, https://perma.cc/2RES-X5LW.
8 Mich Const 1850, art. 14, § 6, § 8, https://perma.cc/5KAW-AGNR.
9 Attorney General v Pingree, 120 Mich 550, 557-59 (1899).
10 Alan Jones, “Thomas M. Cooley and the Michigan Supreme Court: 1865-1885,” The American Journal of Legal History 10, no. 2 (1966): 97–121, http://www.jstor.org/stable/844482.
11 “People v Salem,” Michigan Bar Journal, December (2008): 13–16, https://perma.cc/UA7S-5ASM.
12 The People ex rel Detroit and Howell RR Co v the Twp Bd of Salem, 20 Mich 452 (1870).
13 Id. at 473.
14 Id.
15 Id. at 474-75.
16 Id. at 475.
17 Id. at 474.
18 Id. at 475-76.
19 Id. at 476-77.
20 Id. at 477.
21 Id.
22 Id. at 477-78.
23 Id. at 479.
24 Id. at 481-82.
25 Id. at 483-84.
26 Id. at 484.
27 Id. at 484-85.
28 Id. at 485-86.
29 Id. at 486-87.
30 Id. at 488.
31 Id. at 488-89.
32 Id. at 493-94.
33 Id. at 495 (Campbell, C.J., concurring).
34 Id. at 498-99.
35 People ex rel Bay City v State Treasurer, 23 Mich 499 (1871); Thomas v Port Huron, 27 Mich 320 (1873); Curtenius v Hoyt, 37 Mich 583 (1877); Port Huron v McCall, 46 Mich 565 (1881); Pierson Twp v Town Bd of Reynolds, 49 Mich 224 (1882); Twp of Grant v Twp of Reno, 107 Mich 409 (1895).
36 Dodge v Van Buren Circuit Judge, 118 Mich 189, 192 (1898).
37 Id.
38 Anderson v Hill, 54 Mich 477, 556 (1884).
39 Kinnie v Bare, 68 Mich 625, 629 (1888).
40 Attorney General v Pingree, 120 Mich 550 (1899).
41 Id. at 561.
42 Id. at 562.
43 Id. at 570-71.
44 Id.
45 Id. at 558.
46 Bird v Common Council of City of Detroit, 148 Mich 71 (1907).
47 Id. at 87-88.
48 Id. at 93.
49 Id. at 99.
50 Michigan Sugar Co v Auditor General, 124 Mich 674, 675-76 (1900).
51 Id. at 678-79.
52 Michigan Corn Imp Ass’n v Auditor General, 150 Mich 69 (1907).
53 Id. at 70-71.
54 “A Brief Michigan Constitutional History” (Citizens Research Council of Michigan, Feb. 2010), https://perma.cc/4WMW-QH3S.
55 Id.
56 Id.
57 John A. Fairlie, “The Michigan Constitutional Convention,” 6 Mich L Rev, no. 7 (1908) at 7: https://perma.cc/B53S-4M7F.
58 Id. at 8.
59 Id. at 9-11.
60 Id. at 10-11.
61 Mich Const 1908, art. 10, § 14, https://perma.cc/9U6D-5TZH.
62 Fairlie, 6 Mich L Rev at 13: https://perma.cc/B53S-4M7F.
63 McManus v Petosky, 164 Mich 390, 395 (1911).
64 Bill Schuette, “Attorney General Opinion No. 7272” (State of Michigan, June 13, 2013), https://perma.cc/MQN6-D6EN.
65 Detroit Museum of Art v Engel, 187 Mich 432, 434 (1915).
66 Id. at 441-42.
67 Skutt v Grand Rapids, 275 Mich 258, 266 (1936).
68 “History of Michigan Apples” (Michigan Apple Committee, 2018), https://perma.cc/HL4Q-TWCC; Thomas W. Cain, “An Excise Tax Upon the Production of Apples in the State of Michigan,” 16 Notre Dame L Rev no. 4 (1941) at 386–87: https://perma.cc/8DT6-3GT6; “Tax on Apple Growers: Use of Proceeds for Advertising of State-Grown Apples,” 8 U of Chi L Rev, no. 4 (1941) at 796: https://perma.cc/C7XJ-YBHX.
69 Cain, 16 Notre Dame L Rev at 387: https://perma.cc/8DT6-3GT6.
70 Michigan Corn Imp Ass’n v Auditor General, 150 Mich 69, 69-71 (1907).
71 Miller v Michigan State Apple Comm, 296 Mich 248, 253-55 (1941).
72 Id. at 254.
73 Salem, 20 Mich at 473, 475.
74 Id. at 477.
75 Miller, 296 Mich at 253-55.
76 Id.
77 Salem, 20 Mich at 484.
78 Id.
79 Id. at 485.
80 “Tax on Apple Growers: Use of Proceeds for Advertising of State-Grown Apples,” 8 U Chi L Rev at 798: https://perma.cc/C7XJ-YBHX.
81 Cain, 16 Notre Dame L Rev at 388–89: https://perma.cc/8DT6-3GT6.
82 Miller, 296 Mich at 254.
83 Id. at 255.
84 Salem, 20 Mich at 484.
85 Miller 296 Mich at 259-60 (Weist, J., dissenting).
86 Id. at 261.
87 “Tax on Apple Growers: Use of Proceeds for Advertising of State-Grown Apples,” 8 U Chi L Rev at 798: https://perma.cc/C7XJ-YBHX.
88 Cain, 16 Notre Dame L Rev at 389: https://perma.cc/8DT6-3GT6.
89 Hays v Kalamazoo, 316 Mich 443, 453 (1947).
90 Id. at 453-54.
91 Mich Const 1908, as amended, art. 10, § 14, https://perma.cc/ 4B32-B9UV.
92 “Public and Local Acts of the Legislature of the State of Michigan Passed at the Regular Session of 1961” (Lansing, Mich.: Speaker-Hines and Thomas, Inc., 1961), 760, https://goo.gl/KhrR4a.
93 2 Official Record, Constitutional Convention 1961, p. 2312: http://name.umdl.umich.edu/1749827.0002.001.
94 Id. at 2310.
95 Id. at 2329.
96 1 Official Record, Constitutional Convention 1961, p. 912: http://name.umdl.umich.edu/1749827.0001.001.
97 Id. at 623.
98 Id. at 623-24.
99 Id. at 624.
100 Id.
101 Id.
102 Id. at 625-26.
103 Id. at 629.
104 Id.
105 Id. at 632.