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Center Experts Cited on Contract Extensions

… aimed at circumventing Michigan’s new right-to-work law risk losing funding, according … of Teachers from exercising their right-to-work freedoms. F. Vincent Vernuccio, director …

MICHIGAN EDUCATION DIGEST September 20, 2011

… raises bar on MEAP, MME More right-to-teach controversy Howell … Mean,” March 22, 2010 More Right-to-Teach Controversy EAST … expressed frustration with a new “right-to-teach” proposal, under which … governor is unlikely to back the right-to-teach proposal. Michigan … Lansing State Journal, “Right to work for teachers on agenda,” Sept. …

Right-to-Work Turns Ten: The Law and Its Benefits

… provides a brief history of right-to-work in Michigan and the right-to-work movement more generally. It … the purpose and merits of right-to-work laws.

Budget ’24: Cut Michigan Strategic Fund Money

Do the math and get the right answer with the Sustainable Michigan Budget

… corporate welfare industrial complex. Lawmakers ought to rethink their approach to encouraging economic development, because what they are doing doesn’t work and wastes taxpayer money. Pure Michigan. The state should eliminate this program. It is fundamentally unfair to make everyone pay for the advertising …

Center Analyst on State of the State Address

… believe we do that.” LaFaive also said Gov. Snyder should offer support for right-to-work legislation, particularly now that Indiana is on the verge of passing such …

Collective Bargaining Initiative Is About Power, Not Rights

… freedom of religion and the right to trial by jury. Such rights … employee also has a personal right to decide which groups to associate … clarify the reasoning behind a “right to work” statute, a law which this … initiative would prohibit. A right-to-work law prevents employees …

Tackle Licensing for Good Policy in Michigan

New York Times covers fight to allow people to work

… for individuals to find gainful employment. But there is some bipartisan work being done to reform them. From the story: The Obama administration and … eliminated. This is relatively small potatoes, but still a step in the right direction. Going forward, legislators should roll back more of these licensing …

Michigan Democrat tests positive for COVID, then votes in Lansing

Third time’s the charm: A Democrat once again attends session while positive for coronavirus

… up to session Tuesday to vote for the repeal of right-to-work. This is the third time in two months that a Democrat … member of the Democratic caucus to show up for work. “We’ll pass on the constructive criticism from …

Taylor Teachers' Lawsuit Highlighted

… to new teachers union contracts in order to circumvent the state’s new right-to-work law. “They have locked in teachers and other school employees from being …

Commentary: Right-to-Work Will Keep Michigan Competitive

… soon become America's 23rd right-to-work state: Legislation is under … information on the influence of right-to-work laws comes from a 1998 study … states where one state had right-to-work protections and the …

Most Michigan Voters Think Right-to-Work Is a Winner

Overwhelming support for choice in unionization

… of Michigan voters support right-to-work, according to multiple polls … most recent polling result on right-to-work in Michigan. The survey, commissioned … percent of likely voters support right-to-work. Opposition among Michigan …

Proposed Legislation Could Change 'Strict Liability' Standard

Many laws now work against well-meaning citizens

… it was supposed that every person possessed an inherent understanding of right and wrong by virtue of their humanity. Today, a law with no intent requirement … outcomes. There are many instances in which these flaws in our law have worked against well-meaning Michiganders. In one case from 2003, a man named Kenneth …

Michigan Already Benefitting from Right-to-work

… to discuss Wisconsin’s new right-to-work law at The Heritage Foundation. … Economic Policy Institute that right-to-work reduces wages. According to … the cost of living between right-to-work and non-right-to-work …

Research Shows Right-to-Work Laws the Right Way to Go

… Indiana is now America’s 23rd right-to-work state. Michigan may need to … Research shows that states with right-to-work laws arguably are better off … seems to demonstrate that right-to-work status can be a powerful …

Two Right-to-Work States in One Month

… later by the Show-Me State.  Right-to-work simply means that unions cannot … in 28 states now have this right, thanks to the law.  The Mackinac … that year, the Center has worked with local think tanks, elected … every state that has become right-to work. Jim Waters, president …

Labor Expert on Fox News, CNN Discussing RTW

… Sunday and on CNN today discussing Michigan’s progress toward passing a right-to-work law.

My Union Dues Paid For That?

… union officials are scrupulous and work hard to protect their members’ interests, … school district and Buist, picketed the work site, filed several Freedom of Information … waste, fraud and abuse. A Michigan right-to-work law would correct this flaw, make union …

Indiana Right-to-Work Bill Slows Down

… POLIS — Indiana becoming a right-to-work state still appears inevitable, … of the House version of an right-to-work bill (House Bill 1001) until … unions from the effects of the right-to-work measure. It now appears …

Seminal Academic Research on Right-to-Work Impact

… tried to isolate the impact of right-to-work to measure its influence on … teasing out the effects of right-to-work laws from other confounding … prior to its adoption of a right-to-work law and other state-specific …

Right-to-Work Laws Improve Economic Well-Being

Michigan’s right-to-work law — which took effect earlier this … time. The cumulative effect of right-to-work appears to have dramatically … to our model, states with right-to-work laws enjoyed an annual …

What a Union Looks Like in a RTW State

Alabama UAW shuns rhetoric, gives honest answers

… begin unionizing workers in right-to-work states. The words and actions … all remember Alabama is a Right to Work state; therefore, it is totally … feel it isn’t then it is your right not to join. Q: Alabama is …

Has the Overton Window Shifted on Right-to-Work?

… lawmakers passed the state’s right-to-work law, which kept workers from … possible completely invert? Right-to-work was clearly outside the Overton … legislative committee that right-to-work was a good policy. …

Bill To Increase State Transparency Could Reduce It

Wouldn’t be first time the legislative process worked against open government

… is even considering constricting the citizens’ ‘right to know,’” Andrzejewski said. “Taxpayers already … and already own the payroll records.” “When you work for government, you work for the taxpayer,” he added. “Taxpayers deserve …

These Teachers Earning More Under ‘Right To Work For Less’

Their union is getting less, though

… Press headline that read “Right To Work For Less,” a pair of letters … condemned the state’s just-passed right-to-work law. Teacher salary data is … Public Schools, read, in part: “Right-to-work legislation will have …

What a Right-to-Work Law Would Mean for Cities

… voters will be presented with a right-to-work ballot initiative or constitutional … and their employees? While a right-to-work law would not have a large, … their financial situations. Right-to-work protections would not …

Should Michigan Become a Right-to-Work State?

… prospect of Michigan becoming a "right-to-work" state in the recent campaign, … Engler has a secret agenda for right-to-work," they charged. Governor Engler … Michigan should not adopt the right-to-work principle. The union …

Union Membership, Wages, Grow in RTW States

Union membership is on the increase and wages are higher in right-to-work states, the Washington Examiner reports based on recent research by James Hohman, …

Schools, Teachers, Should Proceed With Caution

… unions that want to extend contracts in order to circumvent Michigan’s new right-to-work law.

What Does the Repeal of Right-to-Work Mean?

… Legislature repealed Michigan’s right-to-work law in March. It’s a big setback. … four points to note about right-to-work repeal: It is one step back … state. And we must reinstate right-to-work as soon as possible. …

State Senator Kicks Open Right-to-Work Door

… John Proos has opened the right-to-work “can” that Gov. Rick Snyder … municipalities in Michigan to create right-to-work zones. It is Senate Bill 120. … R-Troy, has also introduced a right-to-work zone bill in the Michigan …

"Right-to-teach" headed to Legislature?

… R-Monroe, would support a “right-to-teach” law in Michigan, … wasn’t interested in broad right-to-work legislation in Michigan, but … reported. Richardville sees right-to-teach as part of broader … McCann said she expects a right-to-teach bill will be introduced …

Should Michigan Become a Right-to-Work State?

… freedom of those very workers. Right-to-work, in its broadest application, … of labor.  It is his legal right and no one can or dare question his exercise of that legal right."  Unfortunately, that right is no longer respected everywhere …

Kentucky, Missouri Set Off Wave of Labor Reform

2017 poised to be big year for worker freedom

… January, Kentucky became the 27th right-to-work state, sparking what could … Show-Me State may not stop with right-to-work. Its Legislature is currently … the economy as a whole in right-to-work states. Vernuccio and …

Right-to-Work Advocates Learn from Each Other

… anniversary of Oklahoma’s becoming a right-to-work state. Though the event was … the 16-year drought of new right-to-work laws at the state level, which … 11 years would pass before right-to-work came to Michigan, after …

Why are RTW States Gaining Population?

Better income potential

… you listen to opponents of right-to-work laws, the claims are dire. … forced unionism states to right-to-work states? My colleague Michael … gains in income and jobs for right-to-work states. But they also …

Right-to-Work Laws in the U.S. Supreme Court

… challenges to North Carolina’s right-to-work law and Nebraska’s right-to-work amendment. As the court described these right-to-work provisions, "A North …

Repealing Right-to-Work is a Massive, Unforced Error

A statement from Mackinac Center President Joseph G. Lehman

… legislation today repealing right-to-work protections in Michigan. This … or losing their jobs. Since right-to-work passed in 2012, nearly 140,000 … places than Michigan to live, work, invest, and create jobs. Compelling …

Wall Street Journal Cites Center on RTW Statistics

… Michigan has lost more than 7,000 jobs since neighboring Indiana became a right-to-work state. The Hoosier State, however, has added more than 43,000 jobs during …

Superintendent Doing Something About Illegal Contract Provision

Head of Northport Public Schools making sure teachers are informed of their rights

… that violates the state’s right-to-work law by stating that teachers … language contrary to the state's right-to-work law. Several have indicated … State Violating Michigan's Right-to-Work Law School Haze: Contract …

Half-Good Role Model on Right-to-Work

… moved from forced-union to right-to-work states," and that over a 30-year period beginning in 1977, "right-to-work states experienced a 23% faster … [Colgate] want to be in a right-to-work state." Mr. Daniels …

INDIANA HOUSE PASSES RIGHT-TO-WORK BILL

Law prohibiting forced union dues now has clear path to governor's desk.

… main stumbling block to passage of a right-to-work law. While remaining in Indianapolis, … the House the enactment of an Indiana right-to-work law is all but guaranteed. See Michigan …

Other Court Decisions Regarding Right-to-Work Provisions

… the entirety of the relevant right-to-work laws or amendments overturned. … held that despite Nevada’s right-to-work law, unions could charge nonunion … to prevent enactment of a right-to-work law: "We see no discrimination …

Right-to-Work Laws Can Make Unions Stronger

… pledged his support to sign a right-to-work law, he said he preferred the … pro-worker and pro-liberty. A right-to-work law would have almost no effect … National Rifle Association work on behalf of all gun owners, …

Union Bullying Members is Shedding Them: Over 500 People Leave Operating Engineers

Another welcoming people has gained them back

… opted out under the state's right-to-work law by printing their names … out of the union under the right-to-work law. At that time, Business … “weathered the storm” with right-to-work. Michigan Capitol …

West Virginia Supreme Court Tests Unions' Novel Theory

Mackinac Center files brief supporting worker freedom

… Midwestern states were adopting right-to-work laws, several unions decided … new challenge to these laws. Right-to-work laws allow employees to choose … not. When states do not have right-to-work laws, employees can …

Michigan Migration in a Holding Pattern

… enterprises, the adoption of a right-to-work law bodes well for workers … for opportunity. Over time, right-to-work states have experienced far … people who had moved from non-right-to-work states. Rigorous statistical …

The Right to Work Without Being Forced to Pay a Union

Mackinac Center efforts contribute to hundreds of thousands dropping Big Labor

… U.S. Supreme Court granted “right-to-work” status to 5 million public … about their First Amendment right to leave a union. Since then, … unions. Giving workers the right to choose whether they want … Mackinac Center priority. Our work was instrumental in making …

Commentary: A Milestone for Michigan — Worker Freedom in the 'Big Labor' State

Unions now will have to be accountable to workers to justify the payment of dues

… support their union or not. Right-to-work simply means that a union no … tried to delay or avoid the right-to-work law. Some unions took advantage … extended their contracts to delay right-to-work. Washtenaw County even …

School Official Says Illegal Language Should Be Removed From Union Contract

Monroe Public Schools assistant superintendent quick to acknowledge that changes should be made

… in violation of the state's right-to-work law and says they should be … conflict with the state's right-to-work law that took effect March … in violation of the state's right-to-work law, though district …

School District Reaches Five-Year Contract Preventing Teachers From Leaving the Union

Taylor School District board is expected to approve deal Thursday

… members from exercising their right to not pay dues or fees to … becoming the nation's 24th right-to-work state late last year. The law … union in the absence of a right-to-work law. Union members in the …

CMU Public Radio on 'Teacher Freedom Month'

Teachers can only resign from union in August

CMU Public Radio says August is “an important month” for right-to-work in Michigan, reporting that teachers can exercise their worker freedom rights this …

Can Michigan Become a Right-to-Work State?

… manufacturing jobs nationwide, right-to-work laws have to be considered. There are 22 states that have right-to-work laws that allow employees to … possibility of Michigan enacting right-to-work legislation after the …

Wayne State President's Union Contract Defense Falls Flat

If eight years is good, why not a 20-year union contract?

… to circumvent the state’s right-to-work law would make it difficult … granted by the state’s new right-to-work law. And, he’s telling potential … nationally that if they want to work for Wayne State their future …

County's Rush to Approve New Union Contracts Could Prove Futile

Washtenaw County approved contracts with 15 unions but did not do actuarial analyses

… the impact of the state's right-to-work law. The union contracts allowed … to be re-ratified and then right-to-work would kick in. "This raises … cost was needed. However we worked hand in hand with our actuary …

Union Surrenders Member Benefits To Keep Unenforceable Clause In Contract

Some teachers could lose as much as $12,700

… employment. But the state's right-to-work law makes that illegal if the … rejected that request.  When the right-to-work law was passed in December 2012, … contracts for several years before right-to-work became effective on March …

New Data Bolster Finding of Right-to-Work Report

For Immediate Release

… the argument for a Michigan right-to-work (RTW) law, demonstrating that … disadvantage of unionized employees. Right-to-work laws are state statutes or … labor and imposing inefficient work rules, Vedder and Gallaway …

Teacher Right-to-Work Looking Like a Done Deal

Support from Senate, House and Governor may align for swift passage

… of legislation to provide right-to-work status for Michigan public … been that he wouldn't press right-to-work as an agenda item, but he'd … would that position apply to right-to-work just for teachers? …

Union Insecurity Clauses

… University is trying to circumvent Michigan’s new right-to-work law by signing a new contract before the law takes … elected Legislature has said that they have the right to choose, and these moves are clearly making an …

Right-To-Work For Taylor Teachers Begins Today

Mackinac Center Legal Foundation case in the news

… The Detroit News and The News-Herald have reported on the state's newest right-to-work district.

Another School Contract Extended To Lock Teachers Into Union Membership

East China agrees to contract forcing employees to pay money to the union

… just days before the state's right-to-work law goes into effect. Michigan's right-to-work law takes effect March 28, … in a way that bypassed the right-to-work law. To me, that was …

Mackinac Center Helps Right-to-Work Advocates in Missouri

… was about to take a vote on right-to-work. The educational efforts the … Show-Me State. Missouri passed right-to-work in 2017, though the law was … a union-led referendum. I worked with the Mackinac Center again …

Obama Voters Break Ranks on Labor Policy

… against the effort in Lansing to pass a right-to-work law and is expected to reiterate his … and would have prevented the very right-to-work law the president now opposes. More …

Securing Right-to-Work Freedom for Ann Arbor Teacher

… should have triggered his right-to-work rights. The Mackinac Center … contracts entered into after right-to-work was enacted but before it went … bargaining unit to exercise a right explicitly conferred upon them …

Union Says Photo IDs not Necessary to Vote — Unless You Vote to Leave Union

UAW fights photo IDs for voting; demands photo ID to opt out of union

… their freedoms under the new right-to-work law in Michigan to opt out … According to the National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation (NRTWF), … their rights under Michigan’s right-to-work law," said Mark Mix, …

More Good News for Michigan

State climbs to 12th place in economic outlook rankings

… to passage of the state's right-to-work law as the driving force for … 1947 through 2011 states with right-to-work laws experienced a 0.8 percentage … been 2 percent, and adding a right-to-work law made it 2.8 percent, …

Who’s the Freeloader? MEA Spends More On Benefits Than Bargaining

Union member: 'I hope the MEA wants to win back the loyalty of its former members'

… August, he used the state's right-to-work law to leave the MEA. Now … opt out of the MEA under the right-to-work law "freeloaders" in a TV interview, … 'Free Rider Problem' Myth In Right-to-Work Debate Union Will …

Unions Lose Again Fighting Against Teacher Rights

Court of Appeals upholds decision removing union's obstacles to resign membership

… Michigan court has upheld the right of teachers to leave their … further enhancing the state’s right-to-work law. Ron Robinson, a teacher … meant to subvert Michigan's right-to-work law, special “opt out windows” …

Charter Schools Cost Unions Millions in Dues

Every charter teacher costs unions about $1,000 a year

… establishment. The Michigan right-to-work law enacted in late 2012 may … in numbers that rival the right-to-work law. A total of 9,645 teachers worked in Michigan charter schools …

In Remembrance on Independence Day: William T. Wilson, Ph.D.

Economist once paid steep price for intellectual honesty

… economic impact of adopting right-to-work laws. It is in regard to this … was strenuously opposed to right-to-work. After his testimony, Wilson … economic development aspects of right-to-work laws. Wilson’s termination …

Teachers Speak Out: The Aftermath of Right-to-Work

The recent right-to-work law passed in Michigan is having an … representation. Under the right-to-work law, union members must wait … 30-year career. Even before right-to-work, teachers who wished …

Mackinac Center Legal Foundation Client a Possible Plaintiff in Challenging MEA’s Opt Out Process for Agency Fee Payers

… not currently eligible for right-to-work, but she wants to explore her … March to skirt around the new right-to-work law and failed to update their … extensions with their unions before right-to-work took effect on March …

Helping People Exercise Their Right-to-Work Option

In 2012, Michigan passed a law to become a right-to-work state. This means that most workers — everyone … place until current contracts expired, unions worked to extend contracts to put off worker rights as …

Mackinac Video Featured in The Washington Post

… Because her state does not provide right-to-work protections, Friedrichs must pay dues … protected public employees in non-right-to-work states from being fired for not paying …

Video Report: Teachers Hope Their Win Against Union Emboldens Others

… union failed to honor their right not to pay dues or fees under Michigan's right-to-work law. The union claimed the … To Investigate Possible MEA Right-to-Work Violations Teachers Sue MEA …

Securing the Right to Leave a Union

… Jersey, city employees who seek the right to end their financial obligation … Center’s campaign, My Pay My Say, and its work in New Jersey. Having learned many … in union tactics when Michigan went right-to-work in late 2012, the Mackinac Center has …

Right-to-Work Could Come to Public Employment

… Michigan gained in 2013 with the right-to-work law. What makes this dispute … violate their First Amendment right of free speech? The teachers … we pointed out that even in right-to-work states like Michigan, where …

MEA Aggressive With Dues Collection Information; Silent On How To Opt Out

Union executive questioned at MERC hearing about unfair labor practice complaints

… to inform members of their right to leave the union. According … paychecks. The other was Michigan's right-to-work law, which allows people to … on Aug. 26, 2013. "After right-to-work passed in December 2012, did …

Reform Starts in the States, Not in Washington

… Legislature got serious about a right-to-work law. As I predicted last quarter … Michigan into the nation’s 24th right-to-work state. Look for a two-year … And ask yourself, now that right-to-work is law in Michigan …

MEA Testimony: Lower K-12 Spending State Does Better Than Michigan

Comparison contradicts union’s talking points

… complying with the state's right-to-work law. Tennessee has been a right-to-work state since 1947. MEA spokesperson … To Investigate Possible MEA Right-to-Work Violations Teachers …

Union Sends Out Misleading 'Consent Form' When Members Try To Leave

Attorney: 'These scare tactics are...more what you would expect from boiler room telemarketers'

… opting out under the state's right-to-work law to initial a "Nonmember … nothing to do with the actual right-to-work process. An attorney compared … 'Free Rider Problem' Myth In Right-to-Work Debate Union Will …

MEA Agency Fees Far Exceed Cost of Contract Negotiations

Union spokesman: 'Everything is about money'

… contract negotiations? Before right-to-work was signed into law in December … He talked about the state's right-to-work law and the union's insistence … said. "That's why they passed right-to-work in the first place …

Teachers Sue MEA To Escape Union

Union demanded bank account information and threatened teacher's credit

… out as part of the state's right-to-work law, but the union will not … with the state's passage of a right-to-work law, she felt she had more … Education Association CapCon Right-to-Work Coverage Know Your …

In Defense of Liberty: Unions, Right-to-Work and Majority Rule

… institutions.  Many opponents of right-to-work laws justify their ability to force … government.  While unions in non-right-to-work states can get a worker fired for not …

Lawsuit Filed To Protect Teachers' Rights

Mackinac Center Legal Foundation files on behalf of three Taylor school district teachers who disagree with 10-year clause that forces them to pay dues or fees to keep job

… members from exercising the right to leave the union without … Michigan's recently passed right-to-work law. The decade-long extended … Michigan became the 24th right-to-work state on Dec. 11. The law prohibits …

30 Years for the Mackinac Center for Public Policy

Our research helped usher in significant reforms

… including charter schools, right-to-work laws, tuition tax credits, … win was making Michigan a right-to-work state. We made this case consistently … possible. The Legislature passed a right-to-work law in 2012, an unlikely …

Union Will Use 'Any Legal Means' to Combat Members Who Want to Leave

Two former MEA local presidents question August-only resignation window

… Regrets and Possible Ways To Fight Right-to-Work Law MEA Spends More On Salaries, Benefits … Union 'Free-Rider Problem' Myth In Right-to-Work Debate Teacher Union Executives Get …

Lawsuit Filed Against MEA Over Dues Policies, 'Fair Representation'

Novi teacher joins others from across the state suing the MEA to try to get out of the union

… MEA was complying with Michigan's right-to-work law. The Mackinac Center Legal Foundation … Panel To Investigate Possible MEA Right-to-Work Violations Teachers Sue MEA To Escape …

Right-to-Work Laws Accelerate Economic Development, New Study Finds Michigan Losing Ground to Right-to-Work States

For Immediate Release

MIDLAND-States with right-to-work (RTW) laws grew their economies … unemployment, and income inequality. Right-to-work laws are state statutes or … findings in the study: * Right-to-work states created more …

Applauding Michigan Legislators Who Supported Workplace Freedom and Liberty

Gov. Rick Snyder never lied about right-to-work legislation in Michigan. In 2009, he … and stuck to his preference that a right-to-work bill not reach his desk because he …

Union Intimidation List Back Up

Hurley Medical Center officials disavow responsibility for the list being reposted

… of the Union Month' For Teachers The Union 'Free Rider Problem' Myth In Right-to-Work Debate Union Will Use 'Any Legal Means' To Combat Members Who Want To L …

MEA Rhetoric Aimed At Misdirecting Teachers From Focusing On August Opt Out

Union bashes Mackinac Center and oil companies; teacher pension funds bolstered by Exxon, Chevron

… for Public Policy is informing teachers of their rights under Michigan's right-to-work law. Teachers who belong to the MEA but do not want to support the union …

MEA Sends Collections Agency After Another Member Trying To Leave

School employee: 'I am extremely frustrated and angry about the time I have to expend fighting the union for my freedom from harassment'

… “It was either that or find employment elsewhere,” O’Neil said. When right-to-work became law in March of 2013, O’Neil thought she was free to leave the Michigan …

How Much Is the Right Education Worth?

Grand Rapids Parents Sacrifice to Put Children in Schools They Choose

What is the right education for your children worth? Is it worth … is precisely how much the right education for their children … all parents should have the right to choose where their children … the Education Committee. We work for the citywide food drive. … the kids also serve. They all work on the food drive, too. That's …

Mackinac Center Sues City of Westland Over FOIA Fee Structure

‘We’re not asking for calligraphy on gold-leaf parchment’

… $1 per page. In addition, Westland demands $45.61 an hour for the actual work of assembling the requested documents. Michigan’s FOIA law allows a public … request under this act.” Extrapolating $45.61 an hour times 2,080 hours in a work year comes to $94,868 annually. “That’s pretty hefty compensation for a …

Worker's Choice Study Featured in National and State Media

Study proposes fix to free/forced rider issue

… The study offers a solution to the free/forced rider issue that exists in right-to-work states: Current law requires unions to represent all workers in a bargaining …

Sweet Home Alabama

… jobs. Those of us who live and work in Michigan might want to set … report, "The Economic Effect of Right-to-Work Laws: 2007," we described the numerous advantages that right-to-work states like Alabama have over …

School Support Service Privatization: Getting it Right

… The reason is simple: Done right, privatization can save money … districts contracting for custodial work is likely to have increased … must. Districts also should work hard to ensure that plenty … promises are being kept. Done right, privatization remains an effective … Michigan. Getting privatization right is vital because failure unnecessarily …